Typewriter-escapement mechanism



April 22, 1930. c. K. RAINEY 1,755,514

TYPEWRITER ES CAPEMENT MECHANI SM Filed July 19, 1927 5 Sheets-Sheet latto/amm April 22, 1930. c. K. RAINEY TYPEWRITER ESCAPEMENT' MEGHANISMFiled July 19, 1927 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 April '22 1930. K. RAINEY 1,755,514

TYPEWRITER ESCAPEMENT ECHANISM Filed July 19, 1927 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 QCMM..

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Patented Apr. 22, 1930 l. Y Y 1,755,514.

CLIFTQN K. 'Remain or KOXVILLE, 'T'NNESS i TYrEWnrrnn-nscnrniuinMECHANISM Application inea .iuiy 19, 192th serial N'o. 'ee'geia` Thisinvention relates to a carriage escapecause of the disturbing of theirdelicate adment mechanism for typeWritin-g, tabulating j-ustnient. andother forms of recording machines.' y The present inventioncontempla-tes a f The primary 'object of the invention is to broaddeparture from the old rockerin'otion 5 provide an improved escapenientof rotary and the useof a rotary spacing element car- 55 type whichpermits a swift and uninterrupted ry-ing a plurality `of "dogsnslidablymovable movement Iof the carriage incident to the When in Workingposition upon the operation successive formation of the letters orcharof a key to permit the escape of one tooth actors. of theescapem'ent Wheel. Any number of A1;) .Another object is to provide arotary es; these dogs may be employed upon the rotary G0 capementmechanism of such construction as spacing element, among Which the 'Wearis distopositively stop the carriage at the completribut-ed so that thelife of this portion of the tli'on of one letter or character space,thus obmachine is proportionately increased. These via-ting thepossibility of the carriage 4-movdogs 'are niountedso as to permit theescaper1.5 ing morethan'one space during the single 'opment Wheel toVfeed Without spring resistance 65 eration of a key lever. therefrom`during a feednfiotion, and Without Still another object is to providean escapebreak or interruption in its feed motion, ment mechanism whichallovvs the carriage Whereby the speecljof the escapement motion to moveoneach feed step Without resistance is greatly increased..

V2o inhibiting its rapid feed c movement, and In the accompanyingdrawings illustrating' 70 sinoothlyor without tremors or breaks such asthe inven-tfi'onf'- v l v are caused, for example, in feed mechanismsFigure 1 is a rear elevation ofthe frame of double dog type incidenttothe transi- Of a typewllg Sll'o'winfg the aPPlicatiOIlOf tionalmovement of a tooth of the escapement my invention thereto, parts oftheuniversal 25 Wheel from dog to dog, or to single dog esbar mountingbeing omitted for saire of clearcap'ement mechanisms in which there is a.pe- HQSS 0f ifllUStIa-t'on. Y riod of dwell in the escapeinent'act-ion.Figure 2 is Aa vertical front-tofrear section Still another objectof theinvention is to through the machin-e showing only such parts provid-e aconstruction i'n Which the entire a? are DcCcSSnrytoadisclosure ofthe-invenao releasing step occurs during the movement H011. f i of atype bar iii one direction, preferably 'on Fgule is ak sectional viewsimilar t0 Figthe return movement of said bar, so that the 1116 2thTOUgh the escapemnt mechanism, carriage will be held absolutely lirmand sta- Such Sectlon belng taken on line 3 3 ofFigtionaiy during theensuiii'glirinting motion l'l'e c f i g 35 of the 'Same `or:5i-notk@tympan Figure 4 is fa sectional plan view of 'they S5 Heretoforethevdesired feed movement jof Spacing Wheel" .aindcaSSOCmed vParts "01"the the carriage has been generally attained in escaljement .mechmsln-.i if machines iii use by lfll'elans 'of the ordinar es- Figure .5 13aVleiw 1H end eleva'tlon'of the capelme'nt 'Wheel and `a rocker y'armcarrying Spmg Weflvand feed Iiittchegt' .1 9 one ortWo dogs fixed'or'pivotech which reure lgure 1S a Sec l10n on '11166-6 o g1g" uOilcaitdarssvth patloof t Figure 7 is apcrspective view of the sup- Wdei a a er ut eey .S D .C e e e e portingbrac-ket and the parts 'of theuniver-` same "and consequently the carriage connected sul ybm, mountedthereon. y n

45 therewith. In these formsof escapement` the y Figure 8( is.aperspectve View of Oneofth'@ 95 shock incident to the stopping of thecarriage feed dogg at each letter* Space is delivered. UPU eitherReferring4 to the drawings@represents thc a single dog or one of a pair,and such exces- 50p plate 0f the Stationary .famme of a typesive usev ofthese par-ts 'causes them to A'loe Writer, and -2l the shaft carryingthe usual 50 quickly Worn and their action inaccurate beescapementW'lieel. The escapeirent wheel '100 is controlled by a spacing wheel 4,mounted upon a shaft 5, which also carries the spacing Wheel feedratchet 6. The shaft 5 is fitted to turn upon adjustable bearing members7 mounted in a supporting bracket 8 secured to the underside of the topplate of the machine, said shaft 5 being arranged transversely of themachine so that the spacing wheel 4 and its ratchet 6 turn in adirection at right angles to the direction of rotation of the escapementWheel 3. Y

The feed wheel 4 is provided at opposite sides of its periphery withcircumferential fianges 9, forming an intervening annular channel, inwhich are arranged an annular series of radially projecting dogs 10,each dog 1() being mounted upon a flat body portion, bar or shank 11mounted to slide across the circumference ofthe wheel and through alinedguide openings .12 in the fianges 9. These dogs are normally arranged inworking position at one side .of the circumferential center of thechannel in the spacing wheel, and said dogs are adapted to successivelyengage and release one tooth of the escapement wheel 3 upon eachoperation of a key lever 13 of the set of key levers of the machine, oneof which is shown in connection with a type bar 14 actuated thereby. Asshown particularly in Figures 1, 4 and 6, the dogs 10 normally abutagainst the flange 9 facing the left hand side of the machine, as viewedfrom the front of the machine, and each dog is movable across thechannel of the feed wheel and'into engagement with the flange 9 at theright hand side of the channel for escapement wheel'spacing, stoppingand releasing actions. Figure 1 shows one of the dogs which has beenshifted by a tooth of the escapement wheel to stop position, whereby theescapement wheel and carriage are firmly held from feed movement. Whenthe spacing wheel is turned a distance of a dog for the next feedaction, the dog which is in stopping position moves out of engagementwith the tooth Iof the wheel 3 which iig-engages and the following dogcomes into alinement with the neXt adjacent tooth of the escapementwheel and is shifted thereby laterally of the face of the wheel intostopping position, permitting the escapement wheel to turn a'distance ofone tooth for a letter or character space feed action. l

Arranged at that side of the feed wheel toward which the dogs move foran escapement action is a controlling cam 15 Which is xed from rotationand suitably secured to and supported from the bracket 8.V This camextends entirely around the adjacent side of the spacing lwheelconcentric withthe shaft 5 and bears against the side of said wheelexcept at one point where it is provided with an offset porti-on 16. Thebody portion of this cam lying in contact with the side of the feedwheel is thus arranged to provide a retracting and locking portion toengage the adjacent ends of the bars or shanks 11 and hold the dogs innormal position until, through the rotation of the spacing Wheel, thedogs come into alinement with the teeth of the escapement wheel, atwhich point the offset portion 16 is arranged so as to permit shiftingof the dogs to the stop position and upon a releasing action to returneach dog to normal position in which it is locked by the body portion.By the construction described it will be seen that the dogs are normallyretained against that flange 9 of the spacing wheel located adjacent theadvancing tooth of the escapement wheel by the body portion of the cam,and that a dog in position to be moved forward for an escapement actionis brought int-o alinement with the advancing tooth of the escapementwheel by a feed movement of the feed wheel, at which time the dog so fedup comes opposite the cam portion of the cam member, allowing said dogto be slid across the face of the Spacing wheel in the direction of saidcam member to permitthe escapement wheel to turn the distance of onetooth and to then lock the escapement wheel against further movementand' until the spacing wheel is again turned. In this escapement actionit will be obvious that the feed movement of the escapement wheel iscontinuous or without break 0r interruption, and without materialresistance, since the controlling dog is freely slidable across the faceof the spacing wheel, Whereby a rapid escapement action free from jerks,jars or tremors is obtained.

The spacing wheel feed ratchet 6 is intermittently operated by aspring-pressed push pawl 17 mounted upon an arm 18 of the unij f versalbar 19 which may be of usual construction and operated in one directionby the type bars 14 to shift the dog` or pawl 17 rearwardly to startingposition for a feed motion, and the bar 19 may be operated in theopposite direction on its feed motion by a spring or springs 20, inwhich direction of movement the dog or pawl 17 engages and turns theratchet wheel 6 a distance'of one tooth for a corresponding feed motionof the feed wheel. An adjustable stop 21 is provided for Vlimiting thebackward movement of the universal bar 19 under the action of the typebars Q0, and a suitable stop 22 is provided for limiting the upwardmovement of the nose of the pawl 17 so that on the return movement ofthe universal bar 19 the pawl will positively engage a tooth of thewheel 6 and turn said wheel and so that at the end of such movement ofthe bar 19 the pawl will lock the spacing wheel against movement. Itwill be observed that the action is such that the feed ratchet andspacing wheel will be operated for an escapement action solely in onedirection of mo- 1i, vos, are:

tionof a type" Ibai 114,-. which mfaylae, if 4cle-f ingpo tion. :leprehowever, toy yeiiip'loy the' arrangement :shown the :present instanjc inWlii'ch the faction is rsuch that the teecl 1 ot'ion occurs :solely andWholly during tween .its ting' position and v1rori'nalf 'orrctracftecl-}o'siti'o1i, so 'that -cln g the printing Amotion fot" thethe carriage will be firmly held against motion While the printa'etionis taking: place. The .universal bar ll9' maybe operatively monntcclupon the' supporting bracket 8,. as :shown in Figure V7.,- a known typelet' construction is rth the 1exc'e`} t`i`on' offlthe' provision' of theanni Y1'8 ariel' the push typ'eof ratchet feed pawl 17. .'lfhe improvedescapement mechanlismv .may otherwise be usedV int 1coi'in-e'ctiofn withthe universal bar' and 'escapeinent Wheel ot any conventional typewriteresca-pement mechanism, by the sib'stitlrtion of .my -improved .rotaryspacing. Wheel and enacting parts for the reciprocating clogsVconimonl-y employed. 1

Y 'Elie aclvanta-ges'of my construction .are obvious; The 'rotaryspacing: wheel', provided' with a large nf nib'er fof dogs; uponWhichtlie weer is eq 1y distribue-eel, .reduces weer andi tearlupon theclogs' et the eeeapemf nt to eseapement meramente' in which ai s ,gloreciprofeatory dog: or a pair of reeiprocatory clogs are emplofye'cl for-the purpose. Springs for controlling the lclogs 'entirely dirsp'enseclwith, so that upon engagement of a tooth' or the 'escape-ment wheelwitha deg for an escapenrent action; no resistance to the movement ofthefeseapemjent wheel 'er car-- riego is set up.,`t=1ius enablinfgfaquickescapement motion lloe ottainedl.- Rapidity Iot action, Withoutirregularities of motion,l are' also se'cnr'ecllto 'tlreliliigf estclegreeiby the provision of.' a" .singleinovernent escapan-'ent ae'-tio-n, in Whifc'l'u' the toot-'lr of the -esc'apement wil-reeleiigage-z'sy but a single deg which moves in a Asii'igle direction f'-ly to permit the 'es'- capement Wheel-to'tnirn -iage-'feecl movement.strong' de able type of eseap'ement mechanism is thus provide-'d whichisl moeliless liable: to get ont et orcler tiran-those of the typeheretofore used, ancliv'lii'cllil at the same time permits ofa fasterand smoother eseapeioentniotion or the' b of alnenient in the fwritiirgaetien by irregularitiesforj action or eseapeineiits otreciprocatory clog typein .comi-mo use invention overcomes this obje'cas' fore the' type bar moves' to' full print-V escapement mechanism' .tooperate for a cairriage fe'ecl motion as-j .tast as the typing: mech-'fanisni can loe either manually for, mechanically operated.y Y, f f

As shown, the bars -orslianks their guide' openings' 1Q are of angularor .noncircular form', whereby the dogs are from tilting.' and'are-accurately gni'f'cleel 4se that smooth and easily slid-ing' motionis obta-ined 'anictthe yclogs V:snppjorteel lirm'ly whereby the clogswhen iacljnstecl to stop pos sition will hold the escapenrentandwcarriage seci'ire'ly and solid-'ly against n-rovenient. Since the`clogs areV moved from stop toji it'ia'l position by means independentof ytlrecar-z t riage, and are free to'be moved' by the escape-` m'entWheel in thel opposite direction Without the necessity of overcoming;the resistance of springs or other devices, an exceedingly rrapidIescapement y action is `obtained and one' in Which, 'at thel same time,cloesnot- 'caerse i'r-^ regular spacing yof .Written let-ters' orcharactors.A

HavingA thus fully described my invention", I claim'c; Y f r 1. In aspacing mechanism for typewriti'n-g and like machines, an escapfenrentWheei, an intermittently operable spacing'` Wheel mounted' to rotate on'anf a-Xis arranged transversely of the machine, dogs slidabletran-sversely of thev face' of' the spacing Wheel' ancl aclaptecl to besuccessively brought by the' rotation ofv the spacingV Wheel into andout of the path ot' successive teeth of'tlreescapement Wheelanclto'besliifted by the teeth of vtlre latter laterally on sai-d 'spac-Wh'eel to' stop positions and means for inaintainingsaid dogs in initialposition and releasilirgv them for' shifting. motion to stop positionand thereafter returning itlrem tof initial position 2.- In a spacingmechanism',- an escapement Wheel',/-a-n= intermittently operable'spacing', Whe'erlgsliclfable clogs on the spacing- Wheel adapted to be'successively brought the A rotation 'of the' spacing Wheel into andoutor the path of successive teethof the 'escapenent .Wheel and to beshiiftetl lby the-teeth of the' latter laterally on saiclspafcing Wheelto stop posi-tion, and controlling' 'meansmfounted .inlclfependently ofthe" Wheel for :m-aintaini-ngi;E saifcl `clogs in initial positionancl'r'eleasing; them for shitting motion to stop positioni and'thereafter returning: them to' initial posi tion; t

3. In a spacing me'chanifs'nr,w an' escapement`- Wheel, anintermittently operable spacing..

Wheel, slidabl'e clogs -on the spacing Wlreei adapted tof be*sc'cessivcly brought `by the rotation of the spacingj Wheel into an'clont of the path of successive' teeth or" theescap'em'ent Wheel and to beshifted by theteeth o the-latterlaterally on-fsaietspaoieg Wheeltostopp'osi:

Homan-d a cam @levi-iceytor maintaining saifcli clogsv m initialpositlon and releasing thein ceI v for shifting motion to stop positionand thereafter returning them to initial position.

4. In a spacing mechanism, an escapement Wheel, an intermittentlyoperable spacing Wheel, slidable dogson the spacing Wheel adapted tobesuccessively brought by the rotation of the spacing Wheel into and outof the path of successive teeth of the escapement Wheel and to beshifted by the teeth of the latter laterally on said spacing Wheel tostop position, and a 4stationary cam device supported independently ofthe spacing Wheel and operative for maintaining said dogs in initialposition and releasing them for shifting motion to stop position andthereafter returning them to initial position.

5. In a spacing mechanism, an escapement Wheel, an intermittentlyoperable spacing Wheel, slidable dogs on the spacing` Wheel adapted tobe successively brought by the rotation'of the spacing Wheel into andout of the path of successive teeth ofthe escapement Wheel and to beshifted by the teeth of the latter laterally on said spacing Wheel tostop position, means for maintaining said dogs in iritial position andreleasing them for shifting motion to stop position and thereafterreturning them to initial position, and Vkey lever actuated ratchetmeans operative during the retraction of the key lever after a printingaction for turning the spacing Wheel for a spacingl action in Which thecontrolling dog is shifted during such motion of said key lever. i

6. In a spacing mechanism, an escapement Wheel, an intermittentlyoperable spacing Wheel, slidable dogs on the spacing Wheel adapted to besuccessively brought by the rotation of the spacing Wheel into and outof the path of successive teeth of the escapement Wheel and to beshifted by the teeth of the latter laterally on said spacing Wheel tostop position, means for maintaining said dogs in initial position andreleasing them for shifting motion to stop position and thereafterreturning them to initial position, a ratchet Wheel connected to thespacing Wheel, a push pawl for actuating said ratchet Wheel, means foractuating the push paivl, and means engageable With the pavvl at the endof its feed motion for holding it in engagement with the tooth of theratchet wheel engaged thereby.

-71 In a spacing mechanism, an escapement Wheel, a rotary spacing Wheelrotative on an axis at right angles to the axis of the escapement Wheeland provided with transverse guides in its periphery, an annular seriesof dogs upon the periphery of the spacing Wheel arranged so as to besuccessively brought by intermittent motions of the spacing Wheel intothe path of successive teeth of the escapement Wheel, said dogs beingVslidably mounted in saidguides to be shifted by the teeth of theescapement Wheel for an escape.-

ment action, and means for moving thel shifted dogs back to initialposition.

8. In an escapement mechanism for type- Writing and like machines, anescapement Wheel, an intermittently operable spacing Wheel mounted torotate on an axis arranged transversely of the machine, dogsindividually slidable transversely of the face of the spacing Wheel intoand outrof the path of successive teeth of the escapement Wheel so as tobe shifted by the teeth of the latter laterally on saidspacing Wheel tostop position, a universal bar, and means actuated by said bar forimparting feed motion to the spacing Wheel.

9. In an escapement mechanism for type- Writing and like machines, anescapement Wheel, an intermittently operable spacing Wheel mounted torotate on an axis arranged transversely of the machine, dogsindividually slidable transversely of the face of the spacing Wheel intoand out of the path of successive teeth of thev escapement Wheel so asto be shifted by the teethof the latterI laterally on said spacing Wheelto stop position, a universal bar, and a push paWl actuated by said barfor imparting feed motion to the s )acing Wheel.

10. In a spacing mechanism for typewriting and like machines, anescapement Wheel, .3

an intermittently operable spacing Wheel mounted to rotate on an axisarranged transversely of the machine, dogs slidable transversely of theface of the spacing Wheel and adapted to be successively brought by therotation of the spacing Wheel into and out of the path of successiveteeth of the escapement Wheel and to be shifted by the teeth of thelatter laterally on said spacing wheel to stop position, means formaintaining said 7 .A

dogs in initial position andreleasing them for shifting motion to stopposition and thereafter returning them to initial position, a universalbar, and means actuated by said bar for imparting feed motion to thespacing J Wheel.

1l. In a spacing mechanism for typewriting and like machines, anescapement Wheel, an intermittently operable spacing Wheel mounted torotate on an axis arranged transversely of the machine, dogs slidabletransversely of the face of the spacing Wheel and adapted to besuccessively brought by the rotation of the spacing Wheel into and outof the path ofsuccessive teeth of theV escapement Wheel and tobe shiftedby the teeth of the latter laterally on said spacing Wheel to stopposition, means for maintaining said dogs in initial position andreleasing them for shifting motion to stop position `and thereafterreturning them to initial position, a universal bar, and a push pawlactuated by said bar for imparting feed motion to the spacing Wheel.

12. In an escapement mechanism, an eslili) capement Wheel, a spacingWheel, dogs on the spacing Wheel slidably shiftable by the teeth of theescapement Wheel, and a cam device for .retracting thel dogs.

13. In an escapementlmechanism, an escapement Wheel, a channeled spacingWheel having the side Walls of its channel provided with guide openings,dogs mounted in the channel of the spacing Wheel for lateral movementtherein in one direction by the escapement Wheel, said dogs having guidemembers slidably engaging said guide openings, and means for sliding thedogs laterally in the opposite direction.

14. In a spacing mechanism, an escapement Wheel, an intermittentlyoperable spacing Wheel, slidable dogs on the spacing Wheel adapted to besuccessively brought by the rotation of the spacing Wheel into and outof the path of successive teeth of the escapement Wheel and to beshifted by the teeth of thelatter laterally on said spacing Wheel tostop position, means for maintaining said dogs in initial position andreleasing them for shifting motion to stop position and thereafterreturning them to initial position, key actuated means comprising aratchet Wheel and a pavvl, the latter operative on the former in onedirection of motion of the key lever for turning the spacing Wheel for aspacing action in Which the controlling dog is shifted during suchmotion of Said key lever, and a stop acting at the end of the feedmotion for holding the pawl in engagement With the tooth of the ratchetWheel engaged thereby.

l5. In a spacing mechanism, an escapement Wheel, an intermittentlyoperable spacing Wheel, slidable dogs on the spacing Wheel adapted to besuccessively brought by the rotation of the spacing Wheel into and outof the path of successive teeth of the escapement wheel and to beshifted by the teeth of the latter laterally on said spacing Wheel tostop position, means for maintaining said dogs in initial position andreleasing them for shifting motion to stop position and thereafterreturning them to initial position, a ratchet wheel connected to thespacing Wheel, a universal bar, and a push pa-Wl actuated by the bar andmovable over the teeth of the lratchet wheel in one direction of motionof said bar and engageable with the tooth of the ratchet Wheel in theother direction of movement of said bar to turn the Wheel for a spacingWheel feed motion.

In testimony whereof I ai'liX my signature.

CLIFTON K. RAINEY.

